The Internet of Things describes a network of interconnected “things” or electronic devices that are equipped with sensors and computing capabilities and can communicate with one another. These devices are embedded in a great variety of edge applications, such as modern smartphones, industrial monitoring and control systems, or autonomous vehicles. As the uses of IoT become more advanced, however, the requirements for their usage become stricter. For instance, industrial control systems that begin to incorporate IoT technologies need these additions to be reliable for continuous operations, or businesses may be put at risk of disruption and significant revenue loss.

In order to foster R&D and address challenging problems and gaps in the domain of IoT and IoE, core technologies are identified. These are innovative and distinct technologies that have large impact through its applicability in multiple use-case and aimed at building core and unique multidisciplinary expertise. These technologies target on addressing challenges reliable IoT, Eco-friendly IoT and easy to develop IoT together by giving solutions through edge computing. While solving the problems through edge computing, the carbon footprint is likely to have significant reduction as compared to the cloud computing methods. However, edge computing solutions further pose challenges on data integrity and distributed decision making. The multi-disciplinary technical verticals of IoT are Sensors & sensor network, Low power & energy constrained devices, Communication protocol & security, Data analytics & machine learning and Real-time control, planning & estimation. The challenges arising from integration of these technical verticals along with the challenges mentioned above are addressed through the development of following core technologies

The core technology that is integration of technical verticals and their corresponding objectives are as follows: